The Basketball Subculture Essay example - 1095 Words

Introduction In this analysis I will cover the different aspects of sport subculture and what it means to be a recognizable member within a group. I will give examples of what it means to be a part of such subcultures. For example, shared ways of dressing, group status and credibility, as well as some of the groups norms and rituals. The specific group I will discuss will be my basketball team and the role I play within it. Because my team is at highly competitive level, our norms may be unlike to other teams’ especially those of less competitive teams. Each and every team has their own culture and practices, and it is through these that they identify themselves as being different from other teams along with giving them an identity and a†¦show more content†¦It is commonly know that in basketball players only wear the brands such as Nike, Jordan, and Adidas. Then within these big three brands there are Kobe’s, LeBron’s, and Durant’s which are all under Nike, and D-Rose which is under Adidas. These of course are all big name professional basketball players who put out their own shoes under the brand they are sponsored by. Other than shoes basketball players also follow those brands for casual and practice wear such as hoodies, t-shirts, socks, sweats or track pants, and athletic shorts. However, as mentioned in Wheaton’s article â€Å"Just Do It,† you could be labeled as a poser if you don’t have the credibility of being a part of that subculture. One of the biggest tell tale signs that can distinguish between players and posers is whether or not they only wear their basketball shoes on the court. In this situation â€Å"posers† can be identified when wearing basketball certain shoes outside or casually. Credibility on the court comes a lot with age and experience. In order to gain credibility one either needs to be very skilled or play at an elite level. At the college level everyone is pretty knowledgeable of each other within their league. Even within my own team there is status and credibility, it generally is dependant on seniority and skill level. The older returning players or vets as they are called, will have a higher status and credibility than a first year or rook. My roleShow MoreRelatedVolleyball as a Subculture1650 Words   |  7 PagesSociety â€Å"Dig† Volleyball as a Subculture? I. Introduction The individuality within diverse subcultures has given so much to society already. Subcultures such as volleyball have been given a chance to grow in our society and spread to other cultures connecting nations across the globe. It takes time for a subculture to be accepted by our society today. Once it is accepted, membership in subculture grows as more people feel comfortable joining a mainstream subculture such as volleyball. However,Read MoreTeh Handicap of Definition by William Raspberry Essay762 Words   |  4 Pagesto be Black. Raspberry uses many beliefs that has taken a toll on African Americans on the definition of being Black. Raspberry uses many comparisons to compare blacks to whites and other ethnics. He begins off by using basketball as an example. Raspberry quotes, â€Å"If a basketball fan says that Boston Celtics’ Larry Bird plays black the fan intends it and Bird probably accepts it as a compliment†(543). He also emphasizes â€Å"if you tell a white broadcaster he talks black he’ll sign up for diction lessons†(543)Read MoreCapital And Creation Of New Capital925 Words   |  4 Pages(embodied cultural capital) lead to a higher social status (new social capital for Jamal) through Mailor-Callow (a school). He is able to receive wide recognition due to the platform that Mailor-Callow has provided – essay competition and high school basketball championship s eries. Furthermore, through challenging and intense class assignments and writing competition, Jamal is able to transform his aspiration (embodied cultural capital) and bond with Forrester (social capital) into excellent writing skillsRead MoreFunction Of Schools, Capital Exchanging And Building984 Words   |  4 Pages(embodied cultural capital) lead to a higher social status (a new social capital for Jamal) through Mailor-Callow (a school). He is able to receive wide recognition due to the platform that Mailor-Callow has provided – essay competition and high school basketball championship series. Furthermore, through challenging and intense class assignments and writing competition, Jamal is able to transform his aspiration (an embodied cultural capital) and advice from Forrester (a social capital) into excellent writingRead MoreIn Her 1977 Book The Damned And The Beautiful, Paula S.1385 Words   |  6 Pagesfreely express their faith on campus, through prayer and other spiritual disciplines. One day after chapel, I was talking with a few friends. A 38-year-old veteran who was using his GI benefits decided to try out for the men’s JV intercollegiate basketball team. One of my other friends overheard the conversation, and how this older student was concerned about a back injury he had incurred years prior. He asked the student if he could pray for him, and laid hands on him (a church tradition common inRead MoreSimilarities And Similarities Between Subcultures And Counterculture1353 Words   |  6 Pages1. What are the similarities and differences between subcultures and counterculture? Provide examples of each. Looking at the big picture, subcultures and countercultures are both cultures that have their own values and norms. They are both capable of being a culture within a culture. A subculture is a smaller culture that exists within a larger culture but fit within the dominant culture, where as a counterculture is an opposition to the norms of society and contradict the dominant culture and normsRead More Observation Assignment at a Park Essay712 Words   |  3 Pagesminutes observing ones surroundings. So to continue, at first glance, Hayden Park is a typical Valley of the Sun type park. Most of these typical parks have grass, picnic tables, some trees, and usually some sort of sports availability such as a basketball court or soccer field, or both. In addition, the parks also have pleasant surroundings. But Hayden Park is located in South Phoenix, so automatically the typical standard for parks is altered. The surroundings around Hayden Park are farRead MoreWeek 1 Sociology Notes1548 Words   |  7 PagesExplain the difference between a subculture and a counterculture and give an example of each. A subculture is a group whose values and related behaviors distinguish its members from the general culture. A counterculture holds some values that stand in opposition to those of the dominant culture. Subcultures form around many different interests and activities. For example, people who decorate themselves to the extreme for sports games are a part of the basketball subculture, and are showing their solidarityRead MoreFamily Reflection Paper1035 Words   |  5 Pagesexample, basketball which is a sport my brother plays is an important aspect to our family. On thanksgiving we have a feast of turkey and give thanks to our family. On christmas we celebrate Jesus’s Birth and exchange gifts because we love giving. We also appreciate our freedom and believe family is very important. These are English traditions and we still celebrate them in our family today. That is how we contribute to our culture by performing it. I would say our Family has a Subculture type ofRead More Soc ial Discrimination 1556 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the Spring of 2012, The University of Southern Mississippis basketball team made their first appearance at the NCAA tournament since 1991. The team played against Kansas State University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. During the second half of the game, Kansas State was defeating the University of Southern Mississippi, due to their freshman point guard Angel Rodriguez who contributed many points. The Wildcats were leading the game by 70-64. As Angel Rodriguez was performing a free throw, some

With particular reference to the novel opening, how does...

With particular reference to the novel opening, how does Jane Austen present the role of women in pride and prejudice? Pride and Predujice With particular reference to the novel opening, how does Jane Austen present the role of women in pride and prejudice? Pride and prejudice was first published in 1893, this was a time when it just became acceptable for women to write and publish books. Pride and prejudice was set in the early 19th century in rural England. Pride and Prejudice is the story of Mr and Mrs Bennet, their five daughters, and the various romantic adventures at their Hertfordshire residence of Longbourn. I feel that Jane Austen successfully portrays the Age of Reason through her characters in Pride and†¦show more content†¦Because of the law of entailment created marriage became a mockery of love rather than a declaration of commitment. One of the best things Jane Austen does in the novel is constructs a contrast of characters with Elizabeth and Mrs Bennet. Although Elizabeth is Mrs Bennets daughter they are very dissimilar. Mrs Bennet is shallow, silly, and artificial whereas Elizabeth is intelligent, open-minded and aware. Elizabeth is very different to other women she goes against everything women stand for at the time of Jane Austen. Her personality is one of a strong independent woman who uses her intelligence. Elizabeth has a very well-built relationship with her father, they are similar in they way the present themselves. She refuses to go against her fathers wishes and takes advice from him. Elizabeth can always hold her own in conversations she shows this when she refuses to marry Mr Collins and when Darcy confronts her with his feelings. This makes the novel more interesting as Elizabeth turns down numerous proposals to men in possession of a large fortune. When Mr Collins proposes to Elizabeth, Jane Austen basically ridicules the character of Mr Collins but at the same time makes a point. Mr Collins proposal is exaggerated by Jane Austen but still is an effective part of the play; Jane Austen shows she is a very intellectual writer by using humourShow MoreRelated Irony in Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice Essay3430 Words   |  14 PagesPride and Prejudice Critics have examined Jane Austen’s novel, Pride and Prejudice, since its creation. In this novel, Austen uses and irony to produce a masterpiece. Austen opens the novel with what appears to be a sarcastic sentence. She writes, IT is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife (Austen 5). Most readers think of this as humorous and quite laughable. It does not necessarily follow that a man with a largeRead MoreEssay on Authenticity in Northanger Abbey1544 Words   |  7 PagesNorthanger Abbey:  Ã‚  Authenticity  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     In what is for Jane Austen an uncharacteristically direct intervention, the narrator of Northanger Abbey remarks near the end: The anxiety, which in the state of their attachment must be the portion of Henry and Catherine, and of all who loved either, as to its final event, can hardly extend, I fear, to the bosom of my readers, who will see in the tell-tale compression of the pages before them, that we are all hastening together to perfect felicityRead MoreMr Benett and the Failures of Fatherhood8365 Words   |  34 PagesMr. Bennet and the Failures of Fatherhood in Jane Austens Novels Author(s): Mary A. Burgan Reviewed work(s): Source: The Journal of English and Germanic Philology, Vol. 74, No. 4 (Oct., 1975), pp. 536552 Published by: University of Illinois Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27707956 . Accessed: 29/08/2012 00:55 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR isRead More Womens Rights in Pride and Prejudice Persuasion by Jane Austen5483 Words   |  22 Pagesâ€Å"Are women allowed to say No†, in Pride and Prejudice / Persuasion by Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice (whose original title was First Impressions) was written in 1796-1797 when Jane Austen was 21 years old and first published in 1813. It tells us the story of Elizabeth Bennet and Mr Darcy, who will overcome the pride and prejudice they feel towards each other to find mutual happiness. Persuasion was written between 1815 and 1816. The main character, Anne Elliot, has suffered unhappiness afterRead MoreRise of the English Novel5132 Words   |  21 PagesThe Rise of the English Novel English literature has a long and colorful history. From the masterfully written old English tales of Chaucer to the countless Shakespearian dramas to the poetic verses of Tennyson, England has produced some of the richest treasures of the literary world. Not until the eighteenth century, however, did a type of literature develop that completely broke the traditions of the past and opened the door to a whole new generation of writers. This new genre was appropriatelyRead MoreEssay Prompts4057 Words   |  17 PagesBarthes has said, â€Å"Literature is the question minus the answer.† Choose a novel or play and, considering Barthes’ Observation, write an essay in which you analyze a central question the work raises and the extent to which it offers any answers. Explain how the author’s treatment of this question affects your understanding of the work as a whole. Avoid mere plot summary. You may select a work from the list below or another novel or play of comparable literary merit. Alias Grace Middlemarch AllRead MoreThe Hours - Film Analysis12007 Words   |  49 PagesWild In his novel The Hours, Michael Cunningham weaves a dazzling fabric of intertextual references to Virginia Woolfs works as well as to her biography. In this essay, I shall partly yield to the academic itch to tease out the manifold and sophisticated allusions to the numerous intertexts. My aim, however, is not to point out every single reference to Woolf and her works--such an endeavour of source-hunting would fail alone because of the sheer abundance of intertextual references--and to stripRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagessound and the author does a superior job of presenting the structure of arguments. David M. Adams, California State Polytechnic University These examples work quite well. Their diversity, literacy, ethnic sensitivity, and relevancy should attract readers. Stanley Baronett. Jr., University of Nevada Las Vegas Far too many authors of contemporary texts in informal logic – keeping an eye on the sorts of arguments found in books on formal logic – forget, or underplay, how much of our daily

A New Song By Langston Hughes - 1497 Words

As time has passed humanity still tends to separate each other based on our racial being rather than seeing each other as one human race. Langston Hughes’s, â€Å"A New Song,† published in 1938 introduces the idea of a new vision of social relations in American society. Hughes’s original version of this poem written in 1933, does not encompass his growing anger on this subject that is dwelled upon in his published version. However, with Hughes’s powerful tone and word choice throughout his 1938 rendition, his reader is able to understand his urge to transform America into an interracial culture. (Central Idea) His poem voices the importance of transforming society into a multiethnic unity and working-class established through cultural ties between whites and blacks. (Thesis) Hughes voices this crucial need to change through his emphasis on African American’s past struggles as opposed to the new dream, his militant tone, and through expressing the ro le that the establishment of cultural ties plays in society. In the first couple of lines in Hughes’s poem he speaks upon past African American struggles and encourages them to move forward from them with the use of his refrain lines, ‘that day is past,’ and ‘bitter was the day.’ He makes various references â€Å"responding to the early days of depression, moreover†¦having a range of tone, language, and insight†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Shulman 295), to speak upon slavery and inequality. For example, he awakens the memories of slaves being lynched, whipped, andShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of Slavery Depicted in A New Song by Langston Hughes and Fences by August Wilson999 Words   |  4 Pagesbegan. A New Song by Langston Hughes and Fences by August Wilson were both based on black characters. Both the poem and the play base their theme on their inherited history and the difference with today and back then. A New Song by Langston Hughes is a poem that expressed black history. Condensed in a few stanzas, Hughes managed to capture the past, as well as the future, of the blacks. The poem’s begins with â€Å"I speak in a name of the black millions.† (365) It is obvious that Langston Hughes’ purposeRead MoreReoccurring Themes in the Work of Langston Hughes Essay1649 Words   |  7 PagesLangston Hughes is an extremely successful and well known black writer who emerged from the Harlem Renaissance (â€Å"Langston Hughes† 792). He is recognized for his poetry and like many other writers from the Harlem Renaissance, lived most of his life outside of Harlem (â€Å"Langston Hughes† 792). His personal experiences and opinions inspire his writing intricately. Unlike other writers of his time, Hughes expresses his discontent with black oppression and focuses on the hardships of his people. Hughes’Read MoreThesis: Langston Hughes and the Blues1812 Words    |  7 Pagesï » ¿Research Outline I . Introduction Thesis Langston Hughs viewed the music of the blues and poetry as kindred forces that propelled the downtrodden blacks of the 1920s and 1930s toward a better day. II. Paragraph Two develop metaphor between constancy of blues music and ocean waves in live of black people. Quote blues poems: Weary Blues, Po Boy Blues, Homesick Blues. Relationship between the listener (the poet) and the blues musician, each coming to the same place night after night Read MoreLangston Hughes The Weary Blues Analysis1256 Words   |  6 PagesOn Langston Hughes’s The Weary Blues Kevin Young, a graduate of Harvard University and one of the winners of the Guggenheim Fellowship, writes the historical perspective of Langston Hughes. He discusses the flowering of the African American literature and culture and how it is actually just the extension of the New Negro movement. From the Harlem Renaissance, Langston Hughes is able to represent â€Å"different things† for â€Å"different men.† The uprising of Hughes’s poems are the result of their hardshipsRead MoreLangston Hughes Biography1058 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"James Mercer Langston Hughes, known as Langston Hughes was born February 2, 1902 in Missouri, to Carrie Hughes and James Hughes.† Years later his parents separated. Langston’s father moved to Mexico and became very successful, as his for mother, she moved frequently to find better jobs. As a child growing up Langston spent most of his childhood living with his grandmother named Mary Langston in Lawrence, Kansas. Mary Langston was a learned women and a participant in the civil rights Movement. WhenRead MoreComparison Between Modern Day Music And Langston Hughes And Paul Laurence Dunbar1478 Words   |  6 PagesComparison of modern day music to Langston Hughes and Paul Laurence Dunbar Poetry has changed over the course of many years and numerous events in history.Music, as well, changed the sound and lyrical meanings due to many events in history. Whether music is poetry or not can be argued, but I believe music is an art represented through sound and lyrics. Music is a form of poetry with a little tune to it. Music has a message to it just as poetry would. Modern day music can reflect on many things, justRead MoreEssay on James Langston Hughes891 Words   |  4 Pages (February 1, 1902 - May 22, 1967) Born in Joplin, Missouri, James Langston Hughes was born into an abolitionist family. He was the grandson of grandson of Charles Henry Langston, the brother of John Mercer Langston, who was the the first Black American to be elected to public office in 1855. Hughes attended Central High School in Cleveland, Ohio, but began writing poetry in the eighth grade, and was selected as Class Poet. His father didnt think he would be able to make a living as at writingRead MoreEssay on Langston Hughes1393 Words   |  6 PagesLangston Hughes  Langston Hughes was one of the first black men to express the spirit of blues and jazz into words. An African American Hughes became a well known poet, novelist, journalist, and playwright. Because his father emigrated to Mexico and his mother was often away, Hughes was brought up in Lawrence, Kansas, by his grandmother Mary Langston. Her second husband (Hughess grandfather) was a fierce abolitionist. She helped Hughes to see the cause of social justice. As aRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance : The Rebirth Of African American Arts1708 Words   |  7 PagesHarlem Renaissance The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural, social, and artistic movement that took place in Harlem, New York. This mainly took place starting from the end of the First World War until the mid-1930s. Harlem, at this time, was the center of the African-American culture, and Harlem appealed lot of black artists, writers, scholars, musicians, poets, and photographers. Lots of these artists had fled from the South because they needed to get away from their oppressive caste system so thatRead MoreMaya Angelou And Langston Hughes1193 Words   |  5 Pageslanguage†. There are so many ways love can be interpreted. The central message that the comfort humans receive, and the shyness they feel for an individual are compartments of love that may not always be touched on in poetry. Maya Angelou and Langston Hughes are both African American poets that have made tremendously positive names for themselves in the literature department. Their significant signature in the poetic community has been made by their passion and commitment to produce poetry that speaks

Overview Of The Movie Coach Carter Essay - 1491 Words

Laying down in your bed, you hear this consistent knocking. You try to sleep through it but it seems as if it will never quit. Curious, you roll out of bed away from the comfort of your wife’s warm body but cautiously move closer, step by step downstairs into the direction of the sound. Each step you take wondering whether or not your house is being robbed. You finally ease your way downstairs and quickly flip the light switch only to find your home empty and totally void of any damage or evidence of a theft of any kind; however, you still hear the sound. You notice it’s coming from your front door, but its 3 A.M. on a school night. The hairs on the back of your neck begin to rise and your heart beats faster, wondering who is violently†¦show more content†¦Director Thomas Carter, an Austin, Texas native, with no relationship to Ken Carter, also directed the hit Save the Last Dance. Thomas Carter and Samuel Jackson worked together in this 2005 Paramount Producti ons to fully capture the peaks and valleys of Richmond High School’s special season. Coach Carter’s ability to stimulate the audience through an unique, original message; unpredictable ending; and dramatic change of characters, which are based on a true, riveting story, is what helped Coach Carter evolve the face of underdog genre. The intense plot with addition to its inner conflicts between the protagonists and antagonists had jostled the audience through the honorable journey of a new yet strong coach on a bewildered, downtrodden team as they scratched and clawed into new, more competitive territory on their way to the top. Not to forget that, this most inspirational story is based on a true story of how Mr. Ken Carter, portrayed by Samuel L. Jackson, takes a part-time and very low-budget offer to coach at his old high school. Coach Carter uncovers that the athletes are disrespectful and disobedient, while the community are willing to undercut and terrorize the coac h to support the good fortunes of their children. The conclusion to Coach Carter was so riveting and special is that the introduction and plot of Coach Carter still follows the basicShow MoreRelatedAdidas Marketing Plan20768 Words   |  84 Pagesormance,†© Original,†©and†©Style.†©Ã¢â‚¬ ©Adidas†©sponsors†©many†©events†©such†©as†©the†©Olympic†©Games,†©and†©the†©FIFA†© World†©Cup.†©Ã¢â‚¬ ©Its†©strategy†©is†©to†©Ã¢â‚¬Å"continuously†©strengthen†©our†©brands†©and†©products†©to†©improve†© our†©competitive†©position†©and†©financial†©performance†Ã¢â‚¬ ©(Overview).†© Situation†©Analysis:†©Ã¢â‚¬ ©Company†©and†©Competition†©Ã¢â‚¬ © Company†©Mission†©and†©Strategy†© Adidas’†©mission†©statement†©is†©Ã¢â‚¬Å"to†©lead†©the†©sporting†©goods†©industry†©with†©brands†©built†© on†©a†©passion†©for†©sports†©and†©a†©sporting†©lifestyle†Ã¢â‚¬ ©(adidas†©Group).†©Ã¢â‚¬ ©Its†©strategic†©goals†©are:†©Read MoreAdidas Marketing Plan20779 Words   |  84 Pagesormance,†© Original,†©and†©Style.†©Ã¢â‚¬ ©Adidas†©sponsors†©many†©events†©such†©as†©the†©Olympic†©Games,†©and†©the†©FIFA†© World†©Cup.†©Ã¢â‚¬ ©Its†©strategy†©is†©to†©Ã¢â‚¬Å"continuously†©strengthen†©our†©brands†©and†©products†©to†©improve†© our†©competitive†©position†©and†©financial†©performance†Ã¢â‚¬ ©(Overview).†© Situation†©Analysis:†©Ã¢â‚¬ ©Company†©and†©Competition†©Ã¢â‚¬ © Company†©Mission†©and†©Strategy†© Adidas’†©mission†©statement†©is†©Ã¢â‚¬Å"to†©lead†©the†©sporting†©goods†©industry†©with†©brands†©built†© on†©a†©passion†©for†©sports†©and†©a†©sporting†©lifestyle†Ã¢â‚¬ ©(adidas†©Group).†©Ã¢â‚¬ ©Its†©strategic†©goals†©are:†©Read MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pages social, cultural, and technological ones—when addressing these activities. These external considerations are especially important when HR activities must be managed internationally, as discussed in Chapter 4. The HR activities for which a brief overview follows are: ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  HR Planning and Analysis Equal Employment Opportunity Staffing HR Development Compensation and Benefits Health, Safety, and Security Employee and Labor/Management Relations HR Planning and Analysis HR planning andRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pageslistening to a lecture. No doubt much important cognitive material must be assimilated by the manager-to-be. But cognitive learning no more makes a manager than it does a swimmer. The latter will drown the first time he jumps into the water if his coach never takes him out of the lecture hall, gets him wet, and gives him feedback on his performance. Our management schools need to identify the skills managers use, select students who show potential in these skills, put the students into situationsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages†¢ Coping with â€Å"Temporariness† 20 †¢ Working in Networked Organizations 20 †¢ Helping Employees Balance Work–Life Conflicts 21 †¢ Creating a Positive Work Environment 22 †¢ Improving Ethical Behavior 22 Coming Attractions: Developing an OB Model 23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Women†Read MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 PagesButterworth-Heinemann publications visit our website at http:/ /books.elsevier.com Printed and bound in Italy Working together to grow libraries in developing countries www.elsevier.com | www.bookaid.org | www.sabre.org Contents Preface Overview of the book’s structure 1 Introduction 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Learning objectives The nature of marketing The management process Strategic decisions and the nature of strategy The marketing/strategy interface Summary xi xiii 1 3 3 7 11 19 37

Control Models and Case Study of Nestle †Free Sample Solution

Question : My topis is control issues where need to compare and contrast two control models as viewed by theorists.( see Academic literature on Course Outline Recommended Reading List). Are You Daunted by the Thought of due Case Study ? Avail Our Services and Receive Case study Help from experts. Begin by selecting two models from the Schermerhorn textbook, then read a selection from the Recommended Reading texts to enrich your research. Choose an organization with which you are familiar, either as a customer or as an employee, and outline how that organization makes use of the control systems which you have chosen to discuss/analyse. Answer: Abstract Nestle is said to be facing various control issues related to child labour, raw material, ethical and boycott issue, restructuring of organization and many other issues. For handling these control issues, various control systems should be used by an organization. Employee discipline system help the organization in controlling the employees or human resources of the organization. This process is basically performed by human resource managers along with the inventory control system help the organization in balancing demand and supply of raw material as well as production of goods. Introduction This is a case study of Nestle Organization. This report will describe the control models used by Nestle in handling their control issues. A description of the overview of Nestle along with control issues related to it, and how employee discipline system and inventory control system helps Nestle in handling the related control issues, is provided in this report. Nestle Organisation Overview Nestle was founded in 1866 by Henry Nestle, in Switzerland. Nestle deals in different food products. Nestls tagline good food, good health tells the strategy of the organization. Nestle captures the market by providing the good quality and healthy food products to its customers. The managers of Nestle organization are responsible for all the management activities like Quality management, Process management, and control management. Due to its control management policy, Nestle is the Leading brand in food products even after so much control issues (Nestle, 2014). The base of Nestle Organization is its quality and safety. Policies related to quality of Nestle Product include the gaining trust of customers by meeting the customers expectations and preferences, providing defectless products with zero waste attitude. Control Issues There is various control issues related to the Nestle organization. Some main issues related to control are as follows: Issues related to child labour: The first and foremost issue of control in Nestle organization is recruiting the labour as child. Children are used in production of Cocoa. Children do this work due to poverty and lack of education which leads to the violation of the laws related to child labour. This issue comes under the child slaving. Some believes that it should be under the child trafficking also. Raw Material issues for Nestle Organisation: The other problem related is raw material control. This problem is related to the unexpected demands. Sometimes the demand may be high and cant be fulfilled, many times raw materials get destroyed due to bad weather or disaster, or sometimes the inventory may remain in the stock. Ethical Issue: These types of issues related to boycott was faced by Nestle Corporation in 1970s. Nestle products were boycotted by United States and other European countries. This happened in the last of 1970s. Restructuring of Organization: Defining the employee and management structure of the organization is also a critical control issue which comes under the employee control issue (Lemath, 2013). The above points define the control issues related to the Nestle organizations. Controlling Controlling in the Organization ensures the performance analysis and helps in taking the corrective actions. Feed forward controls are employed before activity begins, Concurrent control takes place during the feedback and process control takes place after the completion of work. Overall process related to controlling Figure: Control Process (Schermerhorn, 2008) The diagram shown above is defining process related to control in which four steps are defined. First step establishes the performance objective and standards, second step is showing that how this can measure the actual performance of the control area, step three is to compare the real performance and the objective and standards and the next and last step defines the necessary actions. Control Models The report, discusses about control models, which are as follows: System related to employee discipline: System related to employee discipline is an employee control tactic. This solves the various issues related to the organization. This system provides the control fairly, systematically and consistently. It includes the behaviour and attitude handling of employees, praising the employees on their performance and swaying employees to perform more work. This system also includes the legal issues related to the employees. These examples of these issues are child labour and. This system can help in managing the workforce that is mainly performed by the human resource managers (Stone, 1981). Control System related to inventory: control system related to inventory management helps in managing the goods management like demand and supply. This system helps an organization in numerous ways like execution and managing the request and according to that request, the goods are produced and fresh material is purchased. Control system related to inventory calculates an projected demand from the previous data and then the manufacturing process is processed. It assistances the organization by saving money, time and avoid the waste of goods and raw materials. It is the responsibility of the managers who manages the inventory control. It basically includes the two types of inventory control methods: Time scheduling and economic order quantity (EOQ) (Schermerhorn, 2008). Comparison of Control Models The control systems that are discussed, are for two different purposes of an organization. Employees control system, as described earlier, is for controlling the human resource in an organization. Human resource of an organization is very necessary to control as human resource is the base of the growth for an organization, while the control system related to inventory is also a vital control system for an organization, as, if the lists of goods are not controlled properly, it may lead to a huge loss in terms of wastage of goods, raw material or not fulfilling of the demand in the market. If compared, in the above described control systems, the system related to discipline of employees includes the management of employees which covers the processes of rewarding the employees on their good performance in many terms like promotion, bonus etc., influencing them to work hard by various processes like motivation, rewarding program, providing attractive proposals etc. Though the inventory control system includes the estimating of petition of products in the markets so that the raw substantial can be purchased, goods can be produced, and demand can be fulfilled effectively so that no substantial is unexploited and petition is also fulfilled (Stone, 1981). These two types of systems related to control issues are done by two different types of managers which have the responsibility to achieve all the activities related to the controlling. These systems help the organization in many ways and create the steps in the direction of the growth by preventing waste, fulfilling mandate and improving employee presentation by legal activities. Exploitation of Control System in Nestle Organization We have discussed before about the issues of controlling in Nestle Organization related to controlling of employees and system related to controlling of inventory. Organization structure and child work are the issues which include in the Employees discipline system and Fresh substantial and boycott issue come under the system related top controlling of inventory. As discussed before, system related to discipline of employees, Legal issues related to the employees come under this system. Thus, these types of systems can help Nestle Organization by introducing the code issued by the supplier which monitors the supply chain of all participants which help the company to track weather all the employees in the supply chain are qualified to work or not. Also, a special training from the Human Resource managers should be provided for child labour problem. In the restructuring of an organization, the rights of each and every employee should be preserved. Each and every employee should be treated fairly and should get equal opportunity. Raw material may become a control issue in three cases. First, when an unexpected demand by the customers or fresh material gets unexploited due to disasters by natural processes or the stock is not used. The related solution to these types of issues may be, the managers should build a strong relationship with the raw material suppliers. Various offers should be provided to attract the customer and the inventory management should be more modified according to the market situation. Boycott issue was a serious problem faced by Nestle due to unethical marketing and bad product supply. Thus, the people of United States refuses to buy Nestle products. Inventory control management system includes the proper supply of products. Conclusion The above report is the result of various research and study. As defined in the report, it may be concluded that the systems related to control issues are a vital part of the management of an organization. The system for discipline of employees is related to the employee controlling. The system related to employee helps Nestle Organization in various ways. These can help in the issues related to child labour and the restructuring of the organization that helps it in making proper control on the employees. Control system of inventory helps Nestle Organization in controlling the fresh material for the production. Thus, these systems help the organization in its growth by saving money, time and creating excitement among the employees towards work. References Lemath, Breback, (2013). Management of Change. [online]. 5 (12) pp. 5-15 Available at: https://www.slideshare.net/arif587/management-of-change-a-study-of-problem-and-challenges-in-nestle [Accessed: 13th January 2015]. Nestle, (2014). Nestle Organization. [online]. Available at: https://www.nestle.com [Accessed: 13th January 2015]. Schermerhorn, R. John, (2008). Exploring Management. 4th ed., London: Cram101 Bakker, Arnold B., (2006). The Job demands- Resources Model: State of the Arts. [online]. Available at: https://www.beanmanaged.eu/pdf/articles/arnoldbakker/article_arnold_bakker_159.pdf [Accessed: 13th January 2015]. Stone, Ronald F. (1981). Managing Employees through Progressive Discipline. [online]. Available at: https://www.ascd.org/ASCD/pdf/journals/ed_lead/el_198102_stone.pdf [Accessed: 13th January 2015].

The Musical Cannon Essay Example For Students

The Musical Cannon Essay The musical canon put simply, is a form of disciplining music. As Augustine once suggested Music is the art of measuring well. The canon is a list of composers or works that are assigned value and greatness by consensus 1 However, the canon will always call into question the nature of its exclusions and which composers make it in and which composers do not. The Canon, promotes proper decorum, and ensures proper conduct2 Authors such as Adorn and Herkimer, members of the Frankfurt School during the twentieth century, recognized that music and the canon does not tank on its own, but in fact it was socially situated with people of dominant countries, class and society such as Germany. They believed that the audience were passive and never called into question why and how these particular composers deserved their place in the canon. Author Joseph German, a leading figure from the American musicologists urged a change from positivistic to critical thinking and searched for the meaning of music. New trends, constant critical thinking and questioning of the meaning of music, have caused this re-view of the dominance of he canon which brings us to look at its advantages and disadvantages. To understand the canon thoroughly we first must look at why it had become so popular and given such significance in the late eighteenth century. One of its main sources for its development is the rise of the bourgeois class in society. They can be described as culturally the man or woman who is a member of the wealthiest social class of a given society, and their materialistic values. They began to identify themselves artistically and institutionalized a musical life. This new musical prestige was separate to their sacred and courtly life. Musics sudden popularity gave rise to the public concert in England, France and central Europe and commissioned work. The advantages of this growth of the canon and its repertoires were the fast spread of stunning classical music and a gratitude for great work amongst many. It gave work and a new role to audiences, performers, composers and critics. However, it was only available to those who could afford it and these repertories of the composers from this tight knit canon reinforced the status quo. Lydia Goers summarizes the arguments for and against the canon during its development in the ate eighteenth century and mid nineteenth century, The former have tended to defend canonic works as rightly belonging to the canon, or as having stood the test of time, by their virtue of representing the noble values of the true, the good and the beautiful. They have seen their task as defending unprejudiced Judgment and value. Detractors, contrarily, have criticized the canon for its elitism, or for its claimed purity, nonpolitical and aestheticism. 3 The spread of these canons and repertoire was reinforced by the publishing houses and printing Journals like Proprietor Heartless collected editions in the late nineteenth century which brought upon strong national identities. In Germany it became associated with a dominant national culture (the Brahms symphony obscures the Burch symphony). The main disadvantage of the canon was that it ostracizes and suppressed further the lower The Musical Cannon By Londonderry 1 1 suit the specific area of music. The first being the listeners canon, these were considered as standard works usually to reappear commonly during the numerous concert programmer and frequently purchased recordings. The performers canon ere the works considered essential in any performers repertoire on any instrument. It would have been quite displeasing and shocking to not perform one of these. Examples of these performers canon were the Beethoven sonatas, or Debussy Preludes for a pianist. .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33 , .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33 .postImageUrl , .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33 , .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33:hover , .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33:visited , .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33:active { border:0!important; } .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33:active , .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33 .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4344b2de7029e2734af7c33cd233ca33:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Why I Love Music EssayThe third of the groups was the canons of music history and musicologists canons. This set of composers and works were looked upon and admired as central to the study and understanding of western art music. The further development of the canon in the nineteenth century with the publishing of complete editions defined these composers as prestigious. Some composers and their works that were primary in the canon included Palestinians Pope Marvelous Mass (1 567), Handels Messiah (1742) and Royal Fireworks Music (1749), Bachs B Minor Mass (1735) along with his Cantatas. Beethovens music became momentous and widely acknowledged soon after. Nevertheless the canon remained to exclude the less important composers and music such as any women composers and composers in peripheral countries such as Ireland, Portugal and Sweden. Author and feminist Lillian S. Robinson, considers the disadvantage of the canon, is its bias and sexist tauter. A gentleman, is inescapably-that is, by definition- a member of a privileged class and of the male sex. From this perspective, it is probably quite accurate to think of the canon as an entirely gentlemanly artifact. 4 There is a definite distinction between canon and repertory. German defines them in two ways, A canon is an idea; a repertory is a programmer of action5 and that repertories are determined by composers; canons by critics6. Musics evanescence distinguished between canon and repertoire by its greatness and assigned value by consensus. Before the nineteenth century repertoire only consisted of music of the pres ent generations and one or two proceeding generations. The canon began to grow and develop. The critics who wrote them became more open minded and this was a positive move in the right direction for more modern and less well established composers. After the sass when new music entered the repertory, old music did not always drop out, for example Beethoven and Rossini were added to, not replaced. The repertory now gained a new dimension, a historical value, music assumed a history. Secular and Sacred repertories revised their canons and extended the Lutheran and Anglican radiation back 200 years. There were many exceptions who maintained their importance in the canon as far as 100 years after they were written (E. G. Jean Baptists Lully) Music had now, in the nineteenth century gained a deeper and more meaningful role in society. The canon and the literary tradition was also quite interesting as author and literary man E. T. A Hoffman began the connotation of Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven and classified them as the three great Romantic composers in 1810, even though Haydn and Mozart would generally be classified as classical composers. Hoffman created this trinity of great composers and based it upon the literary works of the Greek tragedies, Beethoven now assumed as great a significance as Shakespeare, showing that music and the writing down of scores developed a new importance, and could now been seen as texts open for criticism, Disreputableness found their way into most peoples home, bourgeois status or lower/middle class making it more widely available and less elitist. Developing on further into the twentieth century with the creation of records has changed musical life in the most comprehensive way, through sound. An advantage of this is that people of all institutions and educational standards can appreciate it. The disadvantage is however the most vulnerable category of music, which is modern twentieth century music, is seldom played in public. The philosophy of modern music is a pioneer effort in a unique direction7 Therefore it is out of the norm and does not fit the status quo amongst the canon, showing that the canon is still influential and has a strong hold amongst society even in the twenty first century. The re-view of the canon from many critics has caused some people to look more loosely at its disadvantages. .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5 , .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5 .postImageUrl , .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5 , .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5:hover , .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5:visited , .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5:active { border:0!important; } .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5:active , .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5 .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud4e5da0d887ff4e267333210316822a5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Importance of Practicing, Especially in Music EssayEdward Rottenest from The New York Times described the canon in a very negative way with an anaconda like hold of the nineteenth century music in todays repertory not making any room for modernism. Virgil Thompson the appreciation racket in The State of Music (1939) stems from the very anti romantic reaction after tragic events and loss following WWW and stopped listening to the highly emotional and sensuous music by Wagner and Beethoven. The advantages of these attacks however have led to a positive turnaround of events. The canon has now re-grouped to include composers such as Oberlin, Mussorgsky, Verdi, Rachmaninoff and Mailer. There is now an interest in pre Bach music such as Byrd and Gabrielle. To conclude my essay, looking at the canon today, it is unfortunate after these attacks that there was a very harrowing realization that the repertoire was no longer growing by the addition of new or at least modernist music because of the empiricists that had created this definite way of ordering and compiling the greatest composers. There is certainly a need for post modernists to included composers who have been marginalia because they are alternative. We must ask ourselves are musical works composed by less famous composers not worth listening to? Despite the attacks and challenges faced by the canon it is not at all ready to lie down and die in the interest of a changing and evolving cultural society. Critics such as Harold Bloom and George Steiner believe the continuing value of the canon to our culture lies in its celebration of those qualities which refuse to yield to contingent explanation, its celebration of truly great works of art8 which greatness I Anton and would not disagree with.